《植物生理学报》 2022, 58(3): 501-510

细胞壁在植物抗盐胁迫中的作用

杨蔚^1,2，罗小燕¹，王文强¹，严琳玲¹，杨虎彪¹，董荣书¹，徐彬²，胡国富³，刘一明^1,*，刘国道^1,*

¹中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/农业农村部华南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室, 海南 儋州571737；²南京农业大学草业学院, 南京210095；³东北农业大学动物科学技术学院, 哈尔滨150030

通信作者：刘一明；E-mail: lymsjtu@foxmail.com；刘国道；E-mail: liuguodao2008@163.com

摘　要：

细胞壁作为植物抵御盐胁迫的第一层屏障, 在耐盐方面的作用越来越受到关注。传统观点认为, 细胞壁通透性比细胞膜大, 因此在耐盐胁迫方面功能没有细胞膜重要, 但近几年研究发现, 细胞壁在植物耐盐中的作用不容忽视, 主要体现在: (1)盐胁迫下植物细胞壁完整性(cell wall integrity, CWI)会遭到破坏, LRXs-RALFs-FER蛋白系统、 HE1蛋白系统以及MIK2/LRR-KISS蛋白系统会感知胁迫信号, 并将其传入细胞内部, 通过调控相关基因改变细胞壁成分或结构来抵御盐胁迫; (2)盐胁迫下纤维素合酶复合体CSC新成员CC蛋白能够介导纤维素合酶(CESA)和微管蛋白(microtubule)之间的交互链接, 调控盐胁迫下微管的解聚和重建, 影响CSC复合体在微管引导下的质膜转运, 以及纤维素合成, 从而保证植物细胞壁的防御功能; (3) MYB和NAC家族转录因子调节木质素生物合成, 并在抵御盐胁迫引起的渗透胁迫中起着重要作用。通过对相关研究进展进行综述, 明确细胞壁在植物耐盐中的作用机制, 为提高植物耐盐性提供新的思路和视角。

关键词：耐盐; 细胞壁; 调控机制; 基因

收稿：2021-08-11   修定：2021-12-30

资助：海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2019078)、中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(1630032021005)、中国南方草地牧 草资源调查项目(2017FY100600)和滇桂黔石漠化地区特色作物产业发展关键技术集成示范项目(SMH2019-2021)。

The role of plant cell wall in resistance to salt stress

YANG Wei^1,2, LUO Xiaoyan¹, WANG Wenqiang¹, YAN Linling¹, YANG Hubiao¹, DONG Rongshu¹, XU Bin², HU Guofu³, LIU Yiming^1,*, LIU Guodao^1,*

¹Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS) / Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China; ²College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; ³3College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Haerbin 150030, China

Corresponding author: LIU Yiming; E-mail: lymsjtu@foxmail.com; LIU Guodao; E-mail: liuguodao2008@163.com

Abstract:

As the first barrier of plants to resist salt stress, the role of cell wall in salt tolerance is getting more and more attention. The traditional view thought that the permeability of cell wall is greater than cell membrane, so the importance of cell wall in salt tolerance is less than cell membrane. However, recent studies showed that the role of cell wall in plant salt tolerance cannot be ignored. (1) The integrity cell walls (CWI) will be destroyed under salt stress, LRXs-RALFs-FER､THE1 and MIK2/LRR-KISS protein system will sense the stress signal and transmit it into the cell, improve salt resistance by regulating related genes of cell wall composition or structure; (2) CC protein, a new member of the cellulose synthase complex CSC, can mediate the interaction between cellulose synthase CESA and microtubule, regulate the depolymerization and reconstruction of microtubules under salt stress, affect plasma membrane transports of CSC complex about the guidance of microtubules and the synthesis of cellulose, to ensure the defense function of plant cell wall; (3) MYB and NAC family transcription factors regulate lignin biosynthesis and play an important role in resisting osmotic stress caused by salt stress. By reviewing the relevant research, this study clarified the mechanism of the cell wall of salt tolerance, provided theoretical guidance of the selection and cultivation of new salt-tolerant crop varieties.

Key words: salt tolerance; cell wall; regulation mechanism; gene